Cadence = (efficient + faster + reduced injury) running
Background Information:
- As in cycling, having a quick turnover in running is important.
- The optimal number of steps/minute is 180. If you can be within 10 counts of this, that would be great (i.e. 170).
- Changing your cadence takes time so you must be patient and work on it slowly.
- Practice about once a week.
- After you have established a good cadence, you can work on increasing your stride length, but must not slow your turnover/cadence in the process.
Workout:
A running cadence rate of 170 -180 steps/minute must be established first! Only THEN attempt a longer stride without reducing cadence.
- Warm up jogging easily for 10-15 minutes
- Dynamic stretch (leg swings)
- Jog for 1 minute and count how many steps you take
- For 5 more sets of 1 minute (with a 1 minute regular jog or walk in between for recovery) you will increase the number of steps you take by 2 or 3. Do not try to open up your stride. You will be taking smaller faster steps. It feels very strange, but you’re teaching your legs to run over at a faster rate.
For Example:
- When you jogged, you counted 165 steps in 1 minute.
- In round 1, you could try to run 168 steps in 1 minute.
- In round 2, you could try to run 171 steps in 1 minute.
- In round 3, you could try to run 174 steps in 1 minute.
- In round 4, you could try to run 177 steps in 1 minute.
- After 4 sets of 1 minute, you will then run 5 minutes continuously. Try to hold the mid-range turnover 171-174 steps/minute. So just count how many steps you take about every second minute. The rest of the try to get a feel for the cadence.
- Open up your stride in an exaggerated (but safe) way to dynamically open up your hips (stretch) 2-3x for approx. 10 seconds.
- Cool down with a 5-10 minute easy jog.

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Hi Andy,
Good question. I am actually not sure of the average marathon cadence of race walkers. I would expect it to vary more than running since boot feet cannot be off the ground at once, making leg length having more of an effect on cadence. This would result in more individual variance I suspect.
The key would be to see if these race walkers are sustaining a certain cadence for 3-5 km. If so, then they would be likely to maintain this for the marathon, as technique/cadence shouldn’t change much once someone is running primarily aerobically.
If there is not much variability between race walkers at this distance, then this would be something that the regular population (of race walkers) may want to work towards.
Thanks, Aaron
Hi Aaron,
I have been working on cadence lately and these drills are what I was looking for. I will definitely give them a try! On a related question, I’ve heard that athletes in racewalking go upwards of 240 steps/min. Is that cadence sustainable over long distances like in a marathon or is 180 steps/min pretty much the optimal for long distance running?
Thanks,
Andy